The Magnetic Map of the crater blast area. Since the first crater investigations of impact craters, magnetic mapping has been used to try to get a better understanding of the impact structure. These maps were expected to show large buried iron masses. Instead the explosion impact point is a blasted null zone. While explosions tend to make circles the initial impact was a low horizon hit from the Northeast as shown by the three concentric fault arcs (see Chattanooga Shale Map below the magnetic map). That means the initial impact was a sliding fully absorbed like an auto dent before exploding. The explosion would have also been a traveling explosion to some extent, therefore causing an oval. The South Wall progresses into Alabama.
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Touch down point and sliding explosion to Crater Center
Chart below from Bob Beavers Engineering Inc. is from Wilson 1990. It shows the impact and how it splashed the impacted dark mud like Chattanooga Shale around the blasted Middle, TN basis which is another larger crater with crater walls as the "Highland Rims." The Ft. Payne chert was formed as a sand product of explosion in the surrounds of the crater.
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Impact blast relics of the Brassfield strata are seen at Howell and Lake Logan, TN
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Sometimes you get lucky with the magnetic map for finding craters. I pulled this up because of the rare type impactites showing up on face book "what's my rock" pages around SE Wisconsin. This is the magnetic map of the state and sure enough is a big hit there. But several more smaller ones too.
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Multiple hits close together are often break apart bolides. Not well put together even with all that iron content. Makes it necessary to look into the states below.
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Tesla studied the resonance and capability to transport energy and wireless signals through the earth. The anomaly map below shows corridors where this would be easier taking advantage of more concentrated magnetic and gravitational sinks. While these maps are usually made by fly overs he did his research on the ground which of course makes a better "ground truth."
A couple of big suspect craters are shown on the aero magnetic map of Minnesota.
Enough of earth, let's look at mars.
As the universe is fine tuned for life on earth it is not surprising that mars core and crust composition is not like earth. However it does validate the Impact Crust Thickness Composition Concept. No matter the issues of planet cooling it will have the evidence of accretion over time. While early large accretions become homogenous, the later ones do not.
Mars however demonstrates it's rapid cooling in another way. It has surface Turing Patterns in macro scale. It is a mixing differential and of overlaid construction. But look at that nice paint splatter crater in image one at the bottom right. This is a later surface exploding impact. The mixing type are crust penetrating type, Crustus Confractus (CC).
So why is magnetism so strange around crater sites? Shock and plasma state alter the magnetic properties.
A University of Alaska Fairbanks scientist has discovered a method for detecting and better defining meteorite impact sites that have long lost their tell-tale craters. The discovery could further the study of not only Earth’s geology but also that of other bodies in our solar system.
The key, according to work by associate research professor Gunther Kletetschka at the UAF Geophysical Institute, is in the greatly reduced level of natural remanent magnetization of rock that has been subjected to the intense forces from a meteor as it nears and then strikes the surface.
Rocks unaltered by humanmade or non-Earth forces have 2% to 3% natural remanent magnetization, meaning they consist of that quantity of magnetic mineral grains — usually magnetite or hematite or both. Kletetschka found that samples collected at the Santa Fe Impact Structure in New Mexico contained less than 0.1% magnetism.
Kletetschka determined that plasma created at the moment of impact and a change in the behavior of electrons in the rocks’ atoms are the reasons for the minimal magnetism.
Kletetschka reported his findings in a paper published Wednesday in the journal Scientific Reports.
The Santa Fe Impact Structure was discovered in 2005 and is estimated to be about 1.2 billion years old. The site consists of easily recognized shatter cones, which are rocks with fantail features and radiating fracture lines. Shatter cones are believed to only form when a rock is subjected to a high-pressure, high-velocity shock wave such as from a meteor or nuclear explosion.
Kletetschka’s work will now allow researchers to determine an impact site before shatter cones are discovered and to better define the extent of known impact sites that have lost their craters due to erosion.
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“When you have an impact, it’s at a tremendous velocity,” Kletetschka said. “And as soon as there is a contact with that velocity, there is a change of the kinetic energy into heat and vapor and plasma. A lot of people understand that there is heat, maybe some melting and evaporation, but people don’t think about plasma.”
Plasma is a gas in which atoms have been broken into free-floating negative electrons and positive ions.
“We were able to detect in the rocks that a plasma was created during the impact,” he said.
Earth’s magnetic field lines penetrate everything on the planet. Magnetic stability in rocks can be knocked out temporarily by a shock wave, as they are when hitting an object with a hammer, for example. The magnetic stability in rocks returns immediately after the shock wave passes.
At Santa Fe, the meteorite’s impact sent a massive shock wave through the rocks, as expected. Kletetschka found that the shock wave altered the characteristics of atoms in the rocks by modifying the orbits of certain electrons, leading to their loss of magnetism.
The modification of the atoms would allow for a quick remagnetization of the rocks, but Kletetschka also found that the meteorite impact had weakened the magnetic field in the area. There was no way for the rocks to regain their 2% to 3% magnetism even though they had the capability to do so.
That’s because of the presence of plasma in the rocks at the impact surface and below. Presence of the plasma increased the rocks’ electrical conductivity as they converted to vapor and molten rock at the leading edge of the shock wave, temporarily weakening the ambient magnetic field.
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“This plasma will shield the magnetic field away, and therefore the rock finds only a very small field, a residue,” Kletetschka said.
Kletetschka is also affiliated with Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic. Charles University students Radana Kavkova and Hakan Ucar assisted in the research.
Reference:
Gunther Kletetschka, Radana Kavkova, Hakan Ucar. Plasma shielding removes prior magnetization record from impacted rocks near Santa Fe, New Mexico. Scientific Reports, 2021; 11 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01451-8
Note: The above post is reprinted from materials provided by University of Alaska Fairbanks.
Read more : https://www.geologypage.com/2021/11/scientist-reveals-cause-of-lost-magnetism-at-meteorite-site.html#ixzz7Epcue2w6
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Impact altered specimen from Alaska that while once was limestone now has become magnetic. This was done at an atomic level imparting nano iron and changing atomic spin character.
Earth's magnetic pole shift - The magnetic pole is from a large earth impact in Canada which is shifting toward the Siberian Craton Impact. These large earth accretion impacts are being processed by the earth in a sub crustal melting.
This type of impact is partially absorbed into the earth's crust. It is a sink in the middle of the crater because it went so deep. Not a true earth accretion impact as it is only a partial interior absorption.
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The Siberian Traps is an old impact. It has been distorted by subsequent impacts. It broke the earth's crust and caused a lot of volcanic material to reach the surface. It is larger than the Canadian Impact.
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You can see the relative size of these two impacts on this chart.
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The macro large earth accretion impacts are evident in this image.
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Melt absorption blobs moving like a lava lamp.
You often find a record of earth impacts with earthquakes resolving these crust breaks. You can still see this with the Siberian Craton Impact on it's south side as it hit from the north and was more absorbed on the north. There were two large subsequent impacts along the east side. The Siberian Craton Impact was a large earth extinction event. As the Canadian Impact is older and equates best to the Cambrian Extinction Event the Siberian Equates best to the end Devonian Extinction.
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Whirlpool Galaxy Magnetic Map. Close in strong magnetic boundaries in conflict. Less the spiral you see this same shock type boundary complexity in impactites. Fundamental forces make the same type constructions in similar conditions.
Magnetic shield for planets is also like the effects of a meteorite through atmosphere. Here we have trailing cavitation upon a planet which would tend to sculpt out the margin along the central plasma like bubble. Planetary Cavitation.
The X-Ray Glow and what we can know - First we see the development of a clumping rejection pattern so this is a common particle grouping. Banding is present as it is isolating into an arc circle or sphere but we can assume circle as the nature of Black Holes is more disk shaped. The banding indicates a wave behavior. See the progression? Wide to narrow that is a gradient wave force stronger at the center as you would expect the energy to emanate. At the margins rejection is still present but the wave force is losing power.
And the missing lateral bar? A failure to collect data or polar behavior?
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Huge Rings Around a Black Hole
This image features a spectacular set of rings around a black hole, captured using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. The X-ray images of the giant rings reveal information about dust located in our galaxy, using a similar principle to the X-rays performed in doctor's offices and airports.
The black hole is part of a binary system called V404 Cygni, located about 7,800 light years away from Earth. The black hole is actively pulling material away from a companion star — with about half the mass of the Sun — into a disk around the invisible object. This material glows in X-rays, so astronomers refer to these systems as "X-ray binaries."
Image Credit X-ray: NASA/CXC/U.Wisc-Madison/S. Heinz et al.; Optical/IR: Pan-STARR
X-ray echoes during V404 Cygni's feeding event in 2015. (Andrew Beardmore & NASA/Swift)
New Study on Black Hole Magnetic Fields Has Thrown a Huge Surprise at Astronomers
22 JANUARY 2018
For the first time, scientists have studied the magnetic field of a black hole inside the Milky Way in multiple wavelengths - and found that it doesn't conform to what we previously thought.
According to researchers at the University of Florida and the University of Texas at San Antonio, the black hole called V404 Cygni's magnetic field is much weaker than expected - a discovery that means we may have to rework our current models for black hole jets.
V404 Cygni, located around 7,800 light-years away in the constellation of Cygnus, is a binary microquasar system consisting of a black hole about 9 times the mass of the Sun, and its companion star, an early red giant slightly smaller than the Sun.
In 2015, the system flared into life, and, over the course of about a week, periodically flashed with activity as the black hole devoured material from its companion star.
At times, it was the brightest X-ray object in the sky; but it also showed, according to NASA-Goddard's Eleonora Troja, "exceptional variation at all wavelengths" - offering a rare opportunity to study both V404 Cygni and black hole feeding activity.
It was this period that the team, led by Yigit Dallilar at the University of Florida, studied.
When black holes are active, they become surrounded by a brightly glowing accretion disc, lit by the gravitational and frictional forces that heat the material as it swirls towards the black hole.
As they consume matter, black holes expel powerful jets of plasma at near light-speed from the coronae - regions of hot, swirling gas above and below the accretion disc.
Previous research has shown that these coronae and the jets are controlled by powerful magnetic fields - and the stronger the magnetic fields close to the black hole's event horizon, the brighter its jets.
This is because the magnetic fields are thought to act like a synchrotron, accelerating the particles that travel through it.
Dallilar's team studied V404 Cygni's 2015 feeding event across optical, infrared, X-ray and radio wavelengths, and found rapid synchrotron cooling events that allowed them to obtain a precise measurement of the magnetic field.
Their data revealed a much weaker magnetic field than predicted by current models.
"These models typically talk about much larger magnetic fields at the base of the jet, which many assume to be equivalent to the corona," Dallilar told Newsweek.
"Our results indicate that these models might be oversimplified. Specifically, there may not be a single magnetic field value for each black hole."
Black holes themselves don't have magnetic poles, and therefore don't generate magnetic fields. This means that the accretion disc corona magnetic fields are somehow generated by the space around a black hole - a process that is not well understood at this point.
This result doesn't mean that previous findings showing strong magnetic fields are incorrect, but it does suggest that the dynamics may be a little more complicated than previously thought.
The team's research did find that synchrotron processes dominated the cooling events, but could not provide data on what caused the particles to accelerate in the first place. It is, as one has come to expect from black holes, a finding that answers one question and turns up a lot more in need of further research.
"We need to understand black holes in general," said researcher Chris Packham of the University of Texas at San Antonio.
"If we go back to the very earliest point in our universe, just after the big bang, there seems to have always been a strong correlation between black holes and galaxies. It seems that the birth and evolution of black holes and galaxies, our cosmic island, are intimately linked.
"Our results are surprising and one that we're still trying to puzzle out."
The research has been published in the journal Science.
Earth magnetic pole flips why? Earths gravity map and magnetic map show Earth is not uniform. In the models of the Earth's core they show a uniform generator around a solid core. Well that is very unlikely to be true. Earth is made up of many impact bodies and they are all different. So even magnetic conduction is not uniform as some parts of earth are from non conductors just lake most meteorites are not iron. The rhythm of the earth has periods and the earth is resolving the crustal breaks which allows for the periodic polar magnetic flip as this delicate balance of multi magnetic paths change dominant pathways. Feb. 24, 2024.
